Iinjini ze-hydraulic kunye neepompo ze-hydraulic ziyahambelana ngokwemigaqo yokusebenza. Xa ulwelo lufaka igalelo kwimpompo yehydraulic, ishaft yayo ikhupha isantya kunye netorque, eba yinjini yoxinzelelo.
1. Okokuqala yazi izinga lokuhamba langempela lemoto ye-hydraulic, kwaye emva koko ubale ukusebenza kwe-volumetric motor ye-hydraulic motor, eyisilinganiselo sesantya sokuhamba kwethiyori ukuya kwinqanaba lokuhamba kwegalelo langempela;
2. Isantya semoto ye-hydraulic ilingana nomlinganiselo phakathi kokuhamba kwe-theoretical input kunye nokufuduka kwe-motor hydraulic motor, ekwalingana nokuhamba kwegalelo langempela eliphindaphindwe ngokusebenza kwe-volumetric kwaye emva koko yahlulwe yi-displacement;
3. Bala umahluko woxinzelelo phakathi kwe-inlet kunye ne-outlet ye-hydraulic motor, kwaye ungayifumana ngokwazi uxinzelelo lokungena kunye noxinzelelo lokuphuma ngokulandelelana;
4. Bala i-torque yethiyori yempompo ye-hydraulic, ehambelana nokwahlukana koxinzelelo phakathi kokungena kunye nokuphuma kwemoto ye-hydraulic kunye nokufuduka;
5. I-motor ye-hydraulic inelahleko yoomatshini kwinkqubo yokwenyani yokusebenza, ngoko ke i-torque ye-output yangempela kufuneka ibe yi-torque yethiyori thabatha i-torque yokulahlekelwa ngumatshini;
Ulwahlulo olusisiseko kunye neempawu ezinxulumene neempompo zeplunger kunye ne-plunger hydraulic motors
Iimpawu zokusebenza zokuhamba koxinzelelo lwe-hydraulic zifuna amacandelo e-hydraulic ukuba abe nesantya esiphezulu, uxinzelelo oluphezulu lokusebenza, yonke into ejikelezayo yangaphandle yokuthwala umthwalo, iindleko eziphantsi zomjikelo wobomi kunye nokulungelelaniswa kokusingqongileyo.
Izakhiwo zamacandelo okutywinwa kunye nezixhobo zokuhambisa ukuhamba kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo, iintlobo kunye neempawu zeempompo ze-hydraulic kunye neemotor ezisetyenziswa kwiidrives zanamhlanje ze-hydrostatic ngokusisiseko zihambelana, kunye kuphela umahluko kwiinkcukacha, kodwa iindlela zokuguqula intshukumo zihlala zahluke kakhulu.
Ukuhlelwa ngokwenqanaba loxinzelelo lomsebenzi
Kubuchwephesha bobunjineli bobuchwephesha be-hydraulic, iimpompo ezahlukeneyo ze-plunger zisetyenziswa ikakhulu kuxinzelelo oluphakathi kunye nophezulu (uchungechunge olukhanyayo kunye neepompo zochungechunge oluphakathi, uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-20-35 MPa), uxinzelelo oluphezulu (iimpompo zochungechunge olunzima, 40-56 MPa) kunye noxinzelelo lwe-ultra-high. (iimpompo ezikhethekileyo,>56MPa) inkqubo isetyenziswa njengento yokuhambisa amandla. Inqanaba loxinzelelo lomsebenzi yenye yeempawu zabo zokuhlela.
Ngokobudlelwane bendawo ehambelanayo phakathi kwe-plunger kunye ne-drive shaft kwindlela yokuguqula intshukumo, impompo yeplunger kunye nemoto zihlala zohlulwa zibe ngamacandelo amabini: impompo ye-axial piston / motor kunye ne-radial piston pump / motor. Isalathiso sokuhamba kwe-plunger yangaphambili ihambelana okanye idibanisa kunye ne-axis ye-shaft ye-drive ukwenza i-angle engekho ngaphezu kwe-45 °, ngelixa i-plunger yokugqibela ihamba ngokuthe ngqo kwi-axis ye-drive shaft.
Kwi-axial plunger element, ngokuqhelekileyo ihlulwe ibe ziindidi ezimbini: uhlobo lwepleyiti yokuswasha kunye nohlobo lwe-shaft ethambekeleyo ngokwemowudi yokuguqula intshukumo kunye nokuma kwendlela phakathi kwe-plunger kunye ne-drive shaft, kodwa iindlela zabo zokuhambisa ukuhamba ziyafana. Iimpompo zepiston zeradial zilula, ngelixa iimotor zeradial piston zineendlela ezahlukeneyo zolwakhiwo, umzekelo, zinokwahlulwa ngakumbi ngokwenani lezenzo.
Ulwahlulo olusisiseko lweempompo ze-plunger zohlobo lwe-hydraulic motors kunye nee-hydraulic motors ze-hydrostatic drives ngokweendlela zokuguqula intshukumo.
Iimpompo ze-hydraulic ze-piston zahlulwe kwiimpompo ze-axial piston hydraulic kunye ne-axial piston hydraulic pumps. Iimpompo ze-axial piston hydraulic zohlulwa kwakhona zibe ziimpompo ze-axial piston ze-hydraulic zepleyiti (iimpompo zepleyiti yokuhlambela) kunye neempompo ze-axial piston ze-hydraulic ezithambekileyo (iimpompo ze-slant axis).
Iimpompo ze-Axial piston hydraulic zahlulwe kwiimpompo ze-axial zokuhambisa i-radial piston hydraulic impompo kunye nesiphelo sokusasazwa kobuso be-radial piston hydraulic impompo.
I-piston hydraulic motors zahlulwe kwiimotor ze-axial piston hydraulic kunye ne-radial piston hydraulic motors. I-axial piston hydraulic motors zahlulwe kwi-swash plate axial piston hydraulic motors (i-swash plate motors), inclined axis axial piston hydraulic motors (slant axis motors), kunye ne-multi-action axial piston hydraulic motors.
Iinjini zeRadial piston hydraulic motors zahlulwe zaba ziinjini ezisebenza ngeradial piston hydraulic motors kunye nemulti-acting radial piston hydraulic motors.
(injini yegophe langaphakathi)
Umsebenzi wesixhobo sokuhambisa ukuhamba kukwenza i-cylinder ye-plunger esebenzayo idibanise ne-high-pressure kunye ne-low-pressure channel channels kwisiphaluka kwindawo echanekileyo yokujikeleza kunye nexesha, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba iindawo eziphakamileyo kunye neziphantsi zoxinzelelo kwicandelo kunye kwisekethe kukho nayiphi na indawo yokujikeleza yecandelo. kwaye ngawo onke amaxesha zigqunywe ngeteyiphu efanelekileyo yokutywina.
Ngokomgaqo wokusebenza, isixhobo sokuhambisa ukuhamba singahlulwa sibe ziindidi ezintathu: uhlobo lonxibelelwano lomatshini, ukuvulwa koxinzelelo olwahlukileyo kunye nohlobo lokuvala kunye nokuvula i-valve ye-solenoid kunye nohlobo lokuvala.
Okwangoku, iimpompo zehydraulic kunye neenjini zehydraulic zokuhambisa amandla kwizixhobo ze-hydrostatic drive ikakhulu zisebenzisa unxibelelwano ngoomatshini.
Isixhobo sokuhanjiswa kohlobo lonxibelelwano lomatshini sixhotyiswe ngevalve ejikelezayo, ivalve yepleyiti okanye ivalve yesilayidi edityaniswe ngaxeshanye neshafti ephambili yecandelo, kwaye iperi yokuhambisa ukuhamba kwayo yenziwe yinxalenye emileyo kunye nenxalenye ehambayo.
Iindawo ezimileyo zibonelelwa ngeendawo zokubeka zikawonke-wonke ezidityaniswe ngokulandelelana kwizibuko zeoyile eziphakamileyo nezisezantsi zamacandelo, kwaye iindawo ezishukumayo zibonelelwa ngefestile yokusasazwa kokuhamba okwahlukileyo kwisilinda nganye yeplunger.
Xa inxalenye eshukumayo idityaniswe kwindawo emileyo kwaye ihamba, iifestile ze-cylinder nganye ziya kudibanisa ngokungafaniyo kunye neendawo zokuxinzelela eziphezulu kunye nezantsi kwindawo emileyo, kwaye ioli iya kwaziswa okanye ikhutshwe.
Imowudi yokunyakaza yokuvula kunye nokuvala ukuhamba kwefestile yokuhambisa ukuhamba, indawo yokufakela emxinwa kunye nomsebenzi owenziwe ngokutyibilikayo ophezulu ngokulinganayo konke kwenza kube nzima ukulungiselela isitywina esiguquguqukayo okanye esilastiki phakathi kwendawo emileyo kunye nenxalenye eshukumayo.
Itywinwe ngokupheleleyo yifilimu yeoli ye-micron-level thickness in the gap phakathi kwe-stig "izibuko zokusasaza" ezifana neenqwelo-moya ezichanekileyo, i-spheres, i-cylinders okanye i-conical surfaces, eyisitywina se-gap.
Ngoko ke, kukho iimfuno eziphakamileyo kakhulu zokukhethwa kunye nokucwangciswa kwezinto ezimbini zokuhambisa isibini. Ngexesha elifanayo, isigaba sokusabalalisa ifestile yesixhobo sokusabalalisa ukuhamba kufuneka kwakhona kulungelelaniswe ngokuchanekileyo kunye nesikhundla sokubuyisela umva kwendlela ekhuthaza i-plunger ukugqiba ukunyakaza okuhambelanayo kunye nokuhanjiswa kwamandla okufanelekileyo.
Ezi ziimfuno ezisisiseko kudidi oluphezulu lwezixhobo zeplunger kwaye zibandakanya ubugcisa bokwenziwa kwemveliso engundoqo. Ezona zixhobo zingundoqo zokuhambisa unxibelelwano ngoomatshini ezisetyenziswa kumalungu ale mihla e-plunger okwenziwa koxinzelelo loxinzelelo: ukusasazeka komphezulu wokuphela komhlaba kunye nokuhanjiswa kweshaft flow.
Ezinye iifom ezifana nohlobo lwevalve yesilayidi kunye ne-cylinder trunnion swing type azifane zisetyenziswe.
Ukuphela kokusasazwa kobuso kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-axial distribution. Umzimba oyintloko yiseti yohlobo lwepleyiti yevalve ejikelezayo, eyenziwe ngepleyiti yokuhambisa ecaba okanye engqukuva enenotshi ezimbini ezimilise okwecrescent ezincanyathiselwe kwisiphelo sobuso besilinda kunye nomngxuma wokusabalalisa omile okwe-lenticular.
Ezi zimbini zijikeleza ngokulinganayo kwi-plane perpendicular to drive shaft, kunye nezikhundla ezihambelanayo zeenotshi kwi-plate ye-valve kunye nezivulo ekupheleni kobuso be-cylinder zicwangciswe ngokwemigaqo ethile.
Ukuze i-cylinder ye-plunger kwi-oyile yokufunxa okanye i-oyile yoxinzelelo lwe-oyile ingakwazi ukunxibelelana ngokunye kunye ne-slots ye-suction kunye ne-oyile yokukhupha i-oyile kumzimba wempompo, kwaye kwangaxeshanye inokuhlala iqinisekisa ukuhlukaniswa kunye nokutywinwa phakathi kwamagumbi okufunxa kunye nokukhupha ioli;
Ukuhanjiswa kwe-axial flow kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-radial flow distribution. Umgaqo wayo wokusebenza uyafana nowokuphela kwesixhobo sokusasaza ukuqukuqela kobuso, kodwa sisakhiwo sevalve ejikelezayo eyenziwe ngundoqo wevalve ejikelezayo kunye nomkhono wevalvu, kwaye ithatha umphezulu we-cylindrical okanye kancinane ojikelezayo ojikelezayo.
Ukuze kube lula ukudibanisa kunye nokugcinwa kwezinto zomphezulu we-friction we-partner pair parts, ngamanye amaxesha i-line replaceable) okanye i-bushing isetiwe kwezi zixhobo zimbini zokusasaza.
Uhlobo lokuvula nokuvalwa koxinzelelo olwahlukileyo lukwabizwa ngokuba sisixhobo sokuhambisa uhlobo lwevalve yesitulo. Ixhotyiswe ngevalve yohlobo lokujonga i-valve kwindawo yokungena yeoli kunye nokuphuma kwe-cylinder nganye ye-plunger, ukuze i-oyile ikwazi ukuhamba kwicala elinye kwaye ihlukanise uxinzelelo oluphezulu noluphantsi. umgodi oyile.
Esi sixhobo sokuhambisa ukuhamba sinesakhiwo esilula, ukusebenza kakuhle kokutywinwa, kwaye kunokusebenza phantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu kakhulu.
Nangona kunjalo, umgaqo wokuvulwa koxinzelelo oluhlukeneyo kunye nokuvalwa kwenza olu hlobo lwempompo lungabikho ukuguqulwa kokuguqulwa kwimeko yokusebenza yemoto, kwaye ayikwazi ukusetyenziswa njengempompo ye-hydraulic ephambili kwinkqubo yesekethe evaliweyo yesixhobo se-hydrostatic drive.
Uhlobo lokuvula kunye nokuvala i-valve ye-solenoid yolawulo lwamanani sisixhobo esihamba phambili sokusabalalisa ukuhamba okuye kwavela kwiminyaka yamuva. Ikwaseta ivalve yokumisa kwindawo yokungena ioyile kunye nokuphuma kwe-cylinder yeplunger nganye, kodwa ishukunyiswa yi-high-speed electromagnet elawulwa sisixhobo sombane, kwaye ivalve nganye inokuhamba macala omabini.
Umgaqo osisiseko wokusebenza wempompo ye-plunger (i-motor) ngokusasazwa kokulawulwa kwamanani: i-high-speed solenoid valves 1 kunye ne-2 ngokulandelanayo ilawula indlela yokuhamba kweoli kwigumbi eliphezulu lokusebenza le-cylinder ye-plunger.
Xa i-valve okanye i-valve ivuliwe, i-cylinder ye-plunger ixhunywe kwi-high-pressure okanye i-high-pressure circuit ngokulandelanayo, kunye nesenzo sabo sokuvula kunye nokuvala isigaba sokujikeleza esilinganiswa nesixhobo sohlengahlengiso lolawulo lwamanani 9 ngokomyalelo wohlengahlengiso kunye negalelo. (imveliso) i-shaft rotation angle sensor 8 Ilawulwa emva kokusombulula.
Umbuso oboniswe kumzobo yimeko yokusebenza yepompo ye-hydraulic apho i-valve ivaliwe kwaye igumbi elisebenzayo le-plunger cylinder linikezela ioli kwi-high-pressure circuit ngokusebenzisa i-valve evulekile.
Ekubeni ifestile yendabuko yokusabalalisa ukuhamba okusisigxina ithathelwe indawo yi-valve ye-solenoid ephezulu ekwazi ukulungelelanisa ngokukhululekileyo ukuvuleka kunye nokuvala ubudlelwane, inokulawula ngokuguquguqukayo ixesha lokunikezelwa kweoli kunye nolwalathiso lokuhamba.
Ayinayo nje inzuzo yokuguqulwa kohlobo lonxibelelwano lomatshini kunye nokuvuza okuphantsi koxinzelelo lokuvula kunye nohlobo lokuvala, kodwa inomsebenzi wokuqonda ukuguquguquka kwe-bidirectional stepless ngokuqhubeka nokutshintsha i-stroke esebenzayo ye-plunger.
Uhlobo lwempompo yeplunger elawulwa ngokwamanani kunye nemoto eyenziwe ngayo inentsebenzo egqwesileyo, ebonisa uphuhliso olubalulekileyo lwecandelo le-plunger hydraulic kwixesha elizayo.
Ewe kunjalo, isiseko sokwamkela itekhnoloji yokusasazwa kokulawulwa kwamanani kukulungisa umgangatho ophezulu, iivalvu ze-solenoid ezinesantya esiphezulu samandla kunye nesoftware ethembekileyo yolawulo lwamanani kunye nehardware.
Nangona kungekho budlelwane bufunekayo bokuhambelana phakathi kwesixhobo sokuhambisa ukuhamba kwecandelo le-plunger hydraulic kunye nendlela yokuqhuba yeplunger ngokomgaqo, kukholelwa ngokubanzi ukuba ukuhanjiswa kobuso besiphelo kunokuguquguquka okungcono kumacandelo anoxinzelelo oluphezulu lokusebenza. Uninzi lweempompo ze-axial piston kunye neenjini zepiston ezisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngoku zisebenzisa ukuhanjiswa kobuso bokuphela. Iimpompo ze-radial piston kunye neenjini zisebenzisa ukuhanjiswa kwe-shaft flow kunye nokuhanjiswa kobuso bokuphela, kwaye kukho nezinye izinto eziphezulu zokusebenza kunye nokuhanjiswa kwe-shaft flow. Ukusuka kwimbono yesakhiwo, idivaysi yokusabalalisa ukuhamba kwamanani aphezulu entsebenzo ifaneleke ngakumbi kumacandelo e-radial plunger. Amanye amagqabantshintshi ngokuthelekiswa kweendlela ezimbini zokusasazwa kokuphela kobuso kunye nokusabalalisa ukuhamba kwe-axial. Ngereferensi, ii-cycloidal gear hydraulic motors zikwabhekiswa kuzo. Ukusuka kwisampulu yedatha, i-cycloidal gear hydraulic motor enokuhanjiswa kobuso ekupheleni inomsebenzi ophezulu kakhulu kunosasazo lweshaft, kodwa oku kungenxa yokumiswa kweyomva njengemveliso enexabiso eliphantsi kwaye yamkele indlela efanayo kwi-meshing pair, ukuxhasa ishafting kunye nokunye. amacandelo. Ukwenza lula isakhiwo kunye nezinye izizathu akuthethi ukuba kukho umsantsa omkhulu phakathi kokusebenza kokusasazwa kobuso bokuphela kunye nokuhanjiswa kwe-shaft ngokwayo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-21-2022