Ukuxilongwa kwempazamo ye-hydraulic cylinder kunye nokusombulula ingxaki

Ukuxilongwa kwempazamo ye-hydraulic cylinder kunye nokusombulula ingxaki

Inkqubo epheleleyo ye-hydraulic iqulunqwe yinxalenye yamandla, inxalenye yokulawula, inxalenye yesigqeba kunye nenxalenye encedisayo, phakathi kwayo i-cylinder ye-hydraulic njengenxalenye yesigqeba yenye yezinto ezibalulekileyo zokulawula kwinkqubo ye-hydraulic, eguqula ukuphuma kwengcinezelo ye-hydraulic. ngesixhobo samandla sempompo yeoyile ibe ngamandla oomatshini ukwenza isenzo,
Sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sokuguqula amandla. Ukwenzeka kokungaphumeleli kwayo ngexesha lokusetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kuhambelana nenkqubo yonke ye-hydraulic, kwaye kukho imigaqo ethile enokufunyanwa. Ngethuba nje ukusebenza kwayo kolwakhiwo kukwazi kakuhle, ukulungisa ingxaki akukho nzima.

Ukuba ufuna ukuphelisa ukungaphumeleli kwe-cylinder ye-hydraulic cylinder ngexesha, ngokuchanekileyo nangendlela efanelekileyo, kufuneka uqale uqonde ukuba kwenzeka njani ukungaphumeleli. Ngokuqhelekileyo isizathu esona sizathu sokungaphumeleli kwe-hydraulic cylinder yintsebenzo engafanelekanga kunye nokusetyenziswa, ukugcinwa kwesiqhelo akukwazi ukugcina, ukuqwalaselwa okungaphelelanga ekuyilweni kwenkqubo ye-hydraulic, kunye nenkqubo yokufakela engenangqiqo.

Ukungaphumeleli okwenzeka ngokuqhelekileyo ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kweesilinda ze-hydraulic jikelele zibonakaliswa ngokukodwa kwiintshukumo ezingafanelekanga okanye ezingachanekanga, ukuvuza kweoli kunye nomonakalo.
1. I-Hydraulic cylinder execution lag
1.1 Olona xinzelelo lusebenzayo olungena kwi-cylinder ye-hydraulic alwanelanga ukwenza ukuba isilinda se-hydraulic singaphumeleli ukwenza isenzo esithile.

1. Ngaphantsi kokusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwenkqubo ye-hydraulic, xa ioli esebenzayo ingena kwi-cylinder ye-hydraulic, i-piston ayisayi kuhamba. Igeyiji yoxinzelelo iqhagamshelwe kwi-oyile yokungena kwi-cylinder ye-hydraulic, kwaye isalathisi soxinzelelo asijingi, ngoko ke umbhobho wokungena kwe-oyile unokususwa ngokuthe ngqo. vula,
Vumela impompo ye-hydraulic iqhubeke nokubonelela nge-oyile kwisistim, kwaye ujonge ukuba kukho i-oyile esebenzayo ephuma kumbhobho we-oyile wokungena we-hydraulic cylinder. Ukuba akukho mafutha aphuma kwi-oyile yokungena, kunokugwetywa ukuba i-cylinder ye-hydraulic ngokwayo ilungile. Ngeli xesha, amanye amacandelo e-hydraulic kufuneka akhangelwe ngokulandelelana ngokomgaqo oqhelekileyo wokugweba ukungaphumeleli kwenkqubo ye-hydraulic.

2. Nangona kukho igalelo lolwelo olusebenzayo kwi-cylinder, akukho xinzelelo kwi-cylinder. Kufuneka kugqitywe ukuba le nto ayiyona ingxaki kwisiphaluka se-hydraulic, kodwa ibangelwa ukuvuza kwangaphakathi kweoli kwi-cylinder ye-hydraulic. Ungaqhaqha izibuko le-oyile yokubuyisela i-oyile edityanisiweyo ye-hydraulic cylinder kwaye ujonge ukuba kukho ulwelo olusebenzayo olubuyela umva kwitanki yeoli.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, unobangela wokuvuza okugqithisileyo kwangaphakathi kukuba umsantsa phakathi kwepiston kunye nentonga yepiston kufuphi nesiphelo sobuso betywina sikhulu kakhulu ngenxa yentambo evulekileyo okanye ukukhulula isitshixo sokudibanisa; imeko yesibini kukuba i-radial I-O-ring seal yonakalisiwe kwaye iyasilela ukusebenza; eyesithathu ithi,
Umsesane wokutywina uyacudiswa kwaye wonakaliswe xa udityaniswe kwipiston, okanye umsesane wokutywina uyaguga ngenxa yenkonzo yexesha elide, okukhokelela ekungaphumeleli kokutywinwa.

3. Uxinzelelo olusebenzayo lwe-cylinder ye-hydraulic alufikeleli kwixabiso loxinzelelo oluchaziweyo. Unobangela unokuqukunjelwa njengokungaphumeleli kwisekethe ye-hydraulic. Iivalve ezinxulumene noxinzelelo kwisiphaluka se-hydraulic ziquka i-valve yokunceda, i-valve yokunciphisa uxinzelelo kunye ne-valve yokulandelelana. Okokuqala khangela ukuba i-valve yokunceda ifikelela kuxinzelelo lwayo, kwaye ukhangele ukuba i-valve ye-valve yokunciphisa uxinzelelo kunye ne-valve yokulandelelana ihlangabezana neemfuno zokusebenza zesekethe. .

Amaxabiso okwenene oxinzelelo lwezi zivalo ezintathu zokulawula uxinzelelo luya kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo uxinzelelo olusebenzayo lwe-hydraulic cylinder, okubangela ukuba i-cylinder ye-hydraulic iyeke ukusebenza ngenxa yoxinzelelo olunganeleyo.

1.2 Olona xinzelelo lusebenzayo lwe-hydraulic cylinder ihlangabezana neemfuno ezichaziweyo, kodwa isilinda sobumbano asikasebenzi.

Oku kukufumana ingxaki kwisakhiwo se-cylinder ye-hydraulic. Ngokomzekelo, xa i-piston ihambela kwindawo elinganiselweyo kuzo zombini iziphelo kwi-cylinder kunye nee-caps zokugqibela kuzo zombini iziphelo ze-hydraulic cylinder, i-piston ivimba i-oyile yokungena kunye ne-outlet, ukuze ioli ingakwazi ukungena kwigumbi lokusebenza le-hydraulic. isilinda kunye nepiston ayikwazi ukuhamba; I-Hydraulic cylinder piston itshisiwe.

Ngeli xesha, nangona uxinzelelo kwi-cylinder lufikelela kwixabiso loxinzelelo oluchaziweyo, i-piston kwi-cylinder ayikwazi ukuhamba. I-cylinder ye-hydraulic idonsa i-cylinder kunye ne-piston ayikwazi ukuhamba ngenxa yokuba intshukumo ehambelanayo phakathi kwepiston kunye ne-cylinder ivelisa imikrwelo eludongeni lwangaphakathi lwe-cylinder okanye i-cylinder ye-hydraulic igqitywe ngamandla angabonakaliyo ngenxa yesimo esingalunganga somsebenzi we-hydraulic cylinder.

Ukuxhatshazwa kwe-friction phakathi kweendawo ezihambayo kukhulu kakhulu, ngakumbi i-V-shaped seal ring, evalwe ngokucinezela. Ukuba ixinzelelwe ngokuqinileyo, ukuchasana kwe-frictional kuya kuba kukhulu kakhulu, okuya kuchaphazela ngokuqinisekileyo umphumo kunye nesantya sokunyakaza kwe-cylinder ye-hydraulic. Ukongezelela, qaphela ukuba ngaba uxinzelelo lwangasemva lukhona kwaye lukhulu kakhulu.

1.3 Isantya sangempela sokuhamba se-hydraulic cylinder piston asifikeleli kwixabiso elinikeziweyo loyilo

Ukuvuza okugqithisileyo kwangaphakathi sesona sizathu sokuba kutheni isantya singenako ukuhlangabezana neemfuno; xa isantya sokuhamba kwe-hydraulic cylinder sinciphisa ngexesha lokuhamba, ukunyanzeliswa kwe-piston ukunyuka kwenyuka ngenxa yomgangatho ophantsi wokulungiswa kodonga lwangaphakathi lwe-hydraulic cylinder.

Xa i-cylinder ye-hydraulic isebenza, uxinzelelo kwisekethe sisimbuku sokuhla koxinzelelo oluchasayo oluveliswa ngumgca we-oyile yokungena, uxinzelelo lomthwalo, kunye noxinzelelo loxinzelelo lokwehla komgca wokubuya kweoyile. Xa kuyilwa isekethe, ukwehla koxinzelelo loxinzelelo lombhobho ongenileyo kunye noxinzelelo lokumelana nokwehla kombhobho we-oyile obuyayo kufuneka kuncitshiswe kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ukuba uyilo alunangqiqo, la maxabiso mabini makhulu kakhulu, nokuba ivalve yokulawula ukuhamba: ivuleke ngokupheleleyo,
Kwakhona kuya kubangela ukuba ioli yoxinzelelo ibuyele ngokuthe ngqo kwitanki yeoli ukusuka kwi-valve yokunceda, ukwenzela ukuba isantya asikwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezichaziweyo. Umncinci umbhobho, ukugoba ngakumbi, ukunyanzeliswa okukhulu koxinzelelo lombhobho.

Kwisekethe eshukumayo ekhawulezayo usebenzisa i-accumulator, ukuba isantya sokuhamba se-cylinder asihambelani neemfuno, khangela ukuba uxinzelelo lwe-accumulator lwanele. Ukuba ipompo ye-hydraulic ifunxa umoya kwi-oyile yokungena ngexesha lomsebenzi, iya kwenza ukunyakaza kwe-cylinder kungazinzi kwaye kubangele ukuba isantya sinciphise. Ngeli xesha, ipompo ye-hydraulic inomsindo, ngoko kulula ukuyigweba.

1.4 Ukukhasa kwenzeka ngexesha lokuhamba kwe-hydraulic cylinder

Isenzeko sokurhubuluza sisimo sokutsiba sentshukumo ye-hydraulic cylinder xa ishukuma kwaye ima. Olu hlobo lokusilela luxhaphake kakhulu kwi-hydraulic system. I-coaxiality phakathi kwepiston kunye ne-piston rod kunye ne-cylinder body ayihlangabezani neemfuno, intonga yepiston igobile, intonga yepiston inde kwaye ukuqina akubi, kwaye isithuba phakathi kwamalungu ahambayo kumzimba wesilinda mkhulu kakhulu. .
Ukususwa kwendawo yofakelo lwe-cylinder ye-hydraulic kuya kubangela ukukhasa; umsesane wokutywina ekupheleni kwe-cylinder ye-hydraulic cylinder iqinile kakhulu okanye ikhululekile kakhulu, kwaye i-cylinder ye-hydraulic yoyisa ukuchasana okwenziwa kukukhuhlana kweringi yokutywina ngexesha lokunyakaza, okuya kubangela ukukhasa.

Esinye isizathu esona sizathu sokukhasa yigesi exutywe kwi-cylinder. Isebenza njenge-accumulator phantsi kwesenzo soxinzelelo lweoli. Ukuba unikezelo lweoyile aluhlangabezani neemfuno, i-cylinder iya kulinda uxinzelelo lokunyuka kwindawo yokumisa kwaye ibonakale i-intermittent pulse crawling motion; xa umoya ucinezelekile ukuya kumda othile Xa amandla ekhutshwa,
Ukutyhala ipiston kuvelisa isantya esikhawulezileyo, esikhokelela kwintshukumo yokukhasa ngokukhawuleza kunye nokucothayo. Ezi zinto zimbini zokukhasa azithandeki kakhulu kumandla we-cylinder kunye nokuhamba komthwalo. Ngoko ke, umoya kwi-cylinder kufuneka uphelelwe ngokupheleleyo ngaphambi kokuba i-cylinder ye-hydraulic isebenze, ngoko xa uyila i-cylinder ye-hydraulic, isixhobo sokukhupha kufuneka sishiywe.
Ngexesha elifanayo, i-port yokukhupha i-port kufuneka yenziwe kwindawo ephezulu ye-cylinder yeoli okanye inxalenye yokuqokelela igesi kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

Kwiimpompo ze-hydraulic, icala lokufunxa i-oyile liphantsi koxinzelelo olubi. Ukuze kuncitshiswe ukuxhathisa kwemibhobho, imibhobho yeoli enobubanzi obukhulu isoloko isetyenziswa. Ngeli xesha, ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe kumgangatho wokutywinwa kwamalungu. Ukuba itywina alilungile, umoya uya kufunxwa kwimpompo, nto leyo eya kubangela ukukhasa kwecylinder yehydraulic.

1.5 Kukho ingxolo engaqhelekanga ngexesha lokusebenza kwe-hydraulic cylinder

Ingxolo engaqhelekanga eveliswa yi-cylinder ye-hydraulic ibangelwa ikakhulu kukungqubuzana phakathi kwendawo yokudibanisa yepiston kunye ne-cylinder. Oku kungenxa yokuba ifilimu ye-oyile phakathi kwemiphezulu yoqhagamshelwano itshatyalalisiwe okanye uxinzelelo loxinzelelo loqhagamshelwano luphezulu kakhulu, nto leyo evelisa isandi esingqubanayo xa utyibilika ngokuzalana. Ngeli xesha, imoto kufuneka imiswe ngokukhawuleza ukuze ifumane isizathu, ngaphandle koko, i-sliding surface iya kutsalwa kwaye itshiswe ekufeni.

Ukuba isandi se-friction esivela kwisitywina, sibangelwa ukungabikho kweoli yokuthambisa kwindawo yokutyibilika kunye nokunyanzeliswa okugqithisileyo kweringi yokutywina. Nangona umsesane wokutywina ngomlomo unomphumo wokukhuhla kweoli kunye nokutywinwa, ukuba uxinzelelo lwe-oyile ye-oyile luphezulu kakhulu, ifilimu yeoli yokuthambisa iya kutshatyalaliswa, kwaye ingxolo engaqhelekanga iya kuveliswa. Kule meko, unokwenza isanti elula yomlomo nge-sandpaper ukuze wenze imilomo ibe yincinci kwaye ithambile.

2. Ukuvuza kwe-cylinder ye-hydraulic

Ukuvuza kweesilinda ze-hydraulic ngokuqhelekileyo kwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezimbini: ukuvuza kwangaphakathi kunye nokuvuza kwangaphandle. Ukuvuza kwangaphakathi kuchaphazela kakhulu ukusebenza kobugcisa be-cylinder ye-hydraulic, iyenza ibe ngaphantsi koxinzelelo oluyiliweyo lokusebenza, isantya sokunyakaza kunye nokuzinza kokusebenza; ukuvuza kwangaphandle akungcolisi imo engqongileyo kuphela, kodwa kubangela imililo ngokulula, kwaye kubangela ilahleko enkulu kwezoqoqosho. Ukuvuza kubangelwa kukusebenza kakubi kokutywinwa.

2.1 Ukuvuza kwamalungu angatshintshiyo

2.1.1 Isitywina sonakaliswa emva kokufakwa

Ukuba iiparitha ezifana nobubanzi obuphantsi, ububanzi kunye nokunyanzeliswa kwe-groove yokutywina akukhethwanga ngokufanelekileyo, isitywina siya konakaliswa. Isitywina sijijekile kwi-groove, i-groove ye-seal ine-burrs, i-flash kunye ne-chamfers ezingahlangabezani neemfuno, kwaye i-ring ye-seal yonakaliswe ngokucinezela isixhobo esibukhali njenge-screwdriver ngexesha lokuhlanganisana, okuya kubangela ukuvuza.

2.1.2 Isitywina sonakalisiwe ngenxa yokukhutshwa

Umsantsa ohambelana nomphezulu wokutywina mkhulu kakhulu. Ukuba isitywina sinobulukhuni obuphantsi kwaye akukho ntsimbi yokugcina itywina ifakiwe, iya kucinywa ngaphandle kwe-groove yokutywinwa kwaye yonakaliswe phantsi kwesenzo soxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nefuthe lempembelelo: ukuba ukuqina kwe-cylinder akukhulu, ngoko uphawu luya kuba. yonakele. Iringi ivelisa i-elastic deformation ethile phantsi kwesenzo samandla empembelelo ekhawulezileyo. Kuba isantya sokuguqulwa komsesane wokutywina sicotha kakhulu kuneso silinda,
Ngeli xesha, umsesane wokutywina ucinezelwe kwi-gap kwaye ulahlekelwa yimpembelelo yokutywina. Xa uxinzelelo lwempembelelo luyeka, i-deformation ye-cylinder ibuyisela ngokukhawuleza, kodwa isantya sokubuyisela itywina sicotha kakhulu, ngoko itywina ilunywe kwi-gap kwakhona. Isenzo esiphindaphindiweyo sale nto ayibangeli nje ukukrazula umonakalo weenyembezi kwitywina, kodwa kubangela ukuvuza okukhulu.

2.1.3 Ukuvuza okubangelwa kukuguga ngokukhawuleza kwezitywina kunye nokulahleka kwesiphumo sokutywinwa

Ukutshatyalaliswa kobushushu bamatywina e-rubber akubi. Ngethuba lokunyuka kwesantya esiphezulu, ifilimu yeoli ye-lubricating yonakaliswa lula, eyandisa ubushushu kunye nokumelana nokuxhatshazwa kwefrictional, kwaye ikhawuleza ukunxiba kwezitywina; xa i-groove yesitywina ibanzi kakhulu kwaye uburhabaxa be-groove ezantsi buphezulu kakhulu, iiNguqulelo, isitywina sihamba ngasemva naphambili, kwaye ukunxiba kwanda. Ukongezelela, ukhetho olungafanelekanga lwezinto eziphathekayo, ixesha elide lokugcina liya kubangela ukuguga,
zingunobangela wokuvuza.

2.1.4 Ukuvuza ngenxa ye-welding engalunganga

Kwimibhobho edityanisiweyo ye-hydraulic, ukuqhekeka kwe-welding yenye yezizathu zokuvuza. Iintanda zibangelwa ikakhulu yinkqubo ye-welding engafanelekanga. Ukuba izinto ze-electrode zikhethwa ngokungafanelekanga, i-electrode imanzi, izinto ezinomxholo ophezulu wekhabhoni azizange zitshiswe ngokufanelekileyo ngaphambi kwe-welding, ukugcinwa kobushushu akuhoywa ingqalelo emva kwe-welding, kwaye izinga lokupholisa likhawuleza kakhulu, konke oku kuya kubangela iintanda zoxinzelelo.

Ukufakwa kwe-slag, i-porosity kunye ne-welding yobuxoki ngexesha le-welding nayo inokubangela ukuvuza kwangaphandle. I-welding ye-layered yamkelwa xa i-weld seam inkulu. Ukuba i-welding slag yoluhlu ngalunye ayisuswanga ngokupheleleyo, i-welding slag iya kwenza i-slag inclusions phakathi kwezi zimbini. Ngoko ke, kwi-welding yoluhlu ngalunye, i-weld seam kufuneka igcinwe icocekile , ayinakuchithwa ngeoli kunye namanzi; Ukushisa kwenxalenye ye-welding akwanelanga, i-welding current ayinkulu ngokwaneleyo,
Sesona sizathu siphambili se-welding yobuxoki ye-welding ebuthakathaka kunye ne-welding engaphelelanga.

2.2 Ukunxitywa kwe-unilateral yetywina

Ukunxitywa kwe-unilateral yesitywina kugqame ngokukodwa kwiisilinda ze-hydraulic ezifakwe ngokuthe tye. Izizathu zokunxitywa kwe-unilateral zezi: okokuqala, i-gap efanelekileyo ngokugqithisileyo phakathi kwamalungu ahambayo okanye ukunxitywa kwe-unilateral, okukhokelela kwisibonelelo soxinzelelo esingalinganiyo seringi yokutywina; okwesibini, xa intonga ephilayo yandisiwe ngokupheleleyo, umzuzu ukugoba uveliswa ngenxa yobunzima bayo, ebangela ipiston ukuba Tilting kwenzeka cylinder.

Ngenxa yale meko, i-piston ring ingasetyenziselwa njengesitywina se-piston ukukhusela ukuvuza okugqithisileyo, kodwa kufuneka kuqatshelwe la manqaku alandelayo: okokuqala, jonga ngokungqongqo ukuchaneka kwe-dimensional, uburhabaxa kunye nokuchaneka kwemilo yejometri yomngxuma wangaphakathi we-cylinder; okwesibini, i-piston I-gap enodonga lwe-cylinder incinci kunezinye iifom zokutywinwa, kwaye ububanzi bepiston bukhulu. Okwesithathu, i-piston ring groove ayifanele ibe banzi kakhulu.
Ngaphandle koko, isikhundla saso siya kungazinzi, kwaye ukukhutshwa kwecala kuya kwandisa ukuvuza; okwesine, inani lamakhonkco episton kufuneka lifaneleke, kwaye umphumo wokutywina awuyi kuba mkhulu ukuba uncinci kakhulu.

Ngamafutshane, kukho ezinye izinto zokungaphumeleli kwe-cylinder ye-hydraulic ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, kwaye iindlela zokulungisa iingxaki emva kokungaphumeleli azifani. Ingaba i-cylinder ye-hydraulic okanye amanye amacandelo e-hydraulic system, kuphela emva kokuba inani elikhulu lezicelo eziphathekayo zingalungiswa iphutha. Isigwebo kunye nesisombululo esikhawulezayo.