Yintoni isixokelelwano samandla okwenziwa ngolwelo olumanzi?

1. Yintoni isixokelelwano samandla okwenziwa ngolwelo olumanzi?

Inkqubo ye-hydraulic sisixhobo esipheleleyo esisebenzisa ioli njengendlela yokusebenza, isebenzisa amandla oxinzelelo lweoli kwaye ilawula i-actuator ye-hydraulic ngokusebenzisa iivalve zokulawula kunye nezinye izixhobo, kubandakanywa izinto zamandla, i-actuator, izinto zokulawula, izinto ezincedisayo (izixhobo) kunye ne-hydraulic. ioli. Iimpawu zemveliso ye-prime mover zihlala zingahambelani ngokufanelekileyo neemfuno ze-actuator (i-force, isantya, ukufuduka). Ke ngoko, uhlobo oluthile lwesixhobo sokuhambisa luyafuneka ukuguqula imveliso yeprime mover ngokufanelekileyo ukuze ihlangabezane neemfuno zendlela yokusebenza. Inkqubo ye-hydraulic sisixhobo esisebenzisa umgaqo we-hydraulic ukufezekisa lo msebenzi wokuguqula.

Inkqubo ye-hydraulic sisixhobo somthombo we-hydraulic okanye i-hydraulic device ebandakanya iivalve zokulawula, eziqulethwe yimpompo ye-hydraulic, i-motor yokuqhuba, itanki ye-oyile, i-valve ye-directional, i-valve ye-throttle, i-valve yokunceda njalo njalo. Ngokwesikhokelo sokuhamba, uxinzelelo kunye nesantya sokuhamba esifunwa sisixhobo sokuqhuba, sisebenza kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zoomatshini apho isixhobo sokuqhuba sahlulwe kwisikhululo samanzi, kwaye isikhululo se-hydraulic siqhagamshelwe kwisixhobo sokuqhuba (isilinda okanye i-motor) ngemibhobho yeoli, kunye ne-hydraulic system inokuqonda izenzo ezahlukeneyo ezimiselweyo.

Isikhululo se-Hydraulic ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-hydraulic pumping station, i-motor iqhuba impompo yeoli ukuba ijikeleze, impompo ifunxa ioyile kwitanki emva koko idlale ioyile, iguqula amandla omatshini abe ngamandla oxinzelelo lweoyile ye-hydraulic, ioyile yehydraulic ngokusebenzisa ibhloko edibeneyo (okanye indibaniselwano yevalvu) Ngevalve ye-hydraulic ukufezekisa isalathiso, uxinzelelo, uhlengahlengiso lwesantya sokuhamba emva kokuhanjiswa kombhobho wangaphandle kwi-cylinder yomatshini we-hydraulic okanye i-oyile yemoto, ukuze kulawulwe inguqu yesalathiso somatshini we-hydraulic, ubungakanani bamandla kunye nesantya. yesantya, ukukhuthaza iintlobo ngeentlobo koomatshini bokwenza umsebenzi.

Isikhululo se-hydraulic sisixhobo esizimeleyo se-hydraulic, esinika i-oyile ngokweemfuno zesixhobo sokuqhuba (umkhosi) kwaye silawula isalathiso, uxinzelelo kunye nokuhamba kokuhamba kweoyile, esebenzayo kumatshini ohlukeneyo we-hydraulic apho umphathi kunye nesixhobo samanzi. inokwahlulwa, iqhutywa yimoto ukujikelezisa impompo yeoli, impompo ifunxa ioyile kwitanki emva koko idlale ioyile, iguqule amandla omatshini abe ngamandla oxinzelelo lweoyile olwenziwa ngamanzi.

2. Amanqaku kunye nokungalungi kwenkqubo yamandla okwenziwa ngoxinzelelo lwendalo?

Izinto ezilungileyo zoxinzelelo lwe-hydraulic.

I-1, Amacandelo ahlukeneyo othumelo lwe-hydraulic anokucwangciswa ngokulula kwaye ngokuguquguqukayo ngokweemfuno.

I-2, ubunzima obulula, ubungakanani obuncinci, inertia encinci yokuhamba, ixesha lokuphendula ngokukhawuleza.

I-3, kulula ukuyisebenzisa kunye nokulawula, inokufezekisa uluhlu olubanzi lolawulo lwesantya esingenasinyathelo (isantya ukuya kwi-2000: 1).

I-4, inokufezekisa ngokuzenzekelayo ukhuseleko lomthwalo ogqithisiweyo.

5 、 Ngesiqhelo sebenzisa ioyile yezimbiwa njengendawo yokusebenza, indawo eshukumayo ehambelanayo inokuzithambisa, ubomi benkonzo ende.

6, Kulula ukuqonda intshukumo yomgama.

I-7, kulula ukuqonda ukuzenzekelayo komatshini, xa usebenzisa ulawulo oluhlangeneyo lwe-electro-hydraulic, alukwazi nje ukuqonda umgangatho ophezulu wenkqubo yokulawula ngokuzenzekelayo, kodwa unokuqonda ukulawula okude.

Ukungalungi koxinzelelo lwe-hydraulic.

I-1, Ukusebenza kakuhle kuphantsi ngenxa yokumelana nokuhamba kwamanzi kunye nokuvuza kukhulu. Ukuba ayiphathwanga kakuhle, ukuvuza akungcolisi isiza kuphela, kodwa kunokubangela iingozi zomlilo nokudubula.

I-2, Ekubeni ukusebenza okusebenzayo kuchaphazeleka lula ngokutshintsha kweqondo lokushisa, akufanelekanga ukusebenza phantsi kweemeko eziphezulu kakhulu okanye eziphantsi.

3, Ukuchaneka kokwenziwa kwezixhobo zehydraulic kuyafuneka ukuba kube phezulu, ngaloo ndlela kubiza kakhulu.

4, ngenxa yokuvuza okuphakathi kolwelo kunye nokunyanzeliswa, ayinakufumana umlinganiselo ongqongqo wothumelo.

I-5, ukungaphumeleli kokuhanjiswa kwe-hydraulic akulula ukufumana isizathu; ukusetyenziswa kunye nokugcinwa kufuna umgangatho ophezulu wobugcisa.

3. Isixokelelwano samandla okwenziwa ngolwelo olwenziwa ngamanzi aqulathwe ngawaphi amalungu?

I-1, izixhobo zamandla, ezizezi, impompo ye-hydraulic, umsebenzi wayo kukuguqula amandla omatshini we-prime mover ibe yi-liquid pressure kinetic energy (ebonakaliswa njengoxinzelelo, ukuhamba), indima yayo kukubonelela ngoxinzelelo lweoyile kwinkqubo ye-hydraulic, ngamandla. umthombo wenkqubo.

I-2, ukuphunyezwa kwamacandelo, ibhekisela kwi-cylinder ye-hydraulic okanye i-hydraulic motor, umsebenzi wayo kukuguqula amandla e-hydraulic kumandla omatshini kunye nomsebenzi wangaphandle, i-cylinder ye-hydraulic inokuqhuba indlela yokusebenza ukufezekisa ukunyakaza kwe-reciprocal linear (okanye i-swing), i-hydraulic motor. inokugqiba intshukumo ejikelezayo.

I-3, icandelo lokulawula, libhekisela kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeevalvu zisebenzisa la macandelo anokulawula kwaye alungelelanise inkqubo ye-hydraulic kuxinzelelo lolwelo, ukuhamba kunye nolwalathiso, njl., Ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukuphunyezwa kwamacandelo kunokusebenza ngokuhambelana neemfuno zabantu. kulindeleke.

I-4, amacandelo ancedisayo, kuquka iitanki ze-oyile, izihlungi ze-oyile, iipayipi kunye namalungu, ii-coolers, ii-gauges zoxinzelelo, njl.

I-5, i-medium medium, oko kukuthi, i-transmission fluid, edla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-hydraulic oil. Inkqubo ye-Hydraulic ngokusebenzisa i-medium yokusebenza ukufezekisa ukuhamba kunye nokuhanjiswa kwamandla, ukongeza, i-oyile ye-hydraulic nayo inokudlala indima yokuthambisa kwintshukumo efanayo yamacandelo e-hydraulic.

4. Iindawo zokusetyenziswa kwenkqubo yamandla eHydraulic?

Inkqubo yeHydraulic inoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo kwezi meko zilandelayo, ngakumbi kumatshini wokwakha kunye noomatshini besinyithi, njl.

(1) Oomatshini bokwakha

Oomatshini bokwakha babalelwa kwisabelo esikhulu ngokwentelekiso seemveliso zehydraulic, ezibalelwa kwi-43.1% yentengiso yoshishino iyonke, kwaye umlinganiselo usakhula. Nyaka ngamnye imveliso yaphesheya yee-excavators, oomatshini bendlela, oomatshini bokwakha, oomatshini bokufumba, iilori zokuxuba kunye nezinye iiseti ezipheleleyo zeendawo eziphuma kwamanye amazwe zehydraulic zafikelela malunga ne-150 yezigidi zeedola zaseMelika okanye ngaphezulu.

(2) izixhobo zoomatshini

Izixhobo zoomatshini zifuna inani elikhulu loxinzelelo oluphezulu, iimpompo zeplunger ezihamba phambili, iivalvu zekhatriji, iivalvu ezipakishweyo, iivalvu zesolenoid, iivalvu ezilinganayo, iivalve zeservo, iimpompo ezinengxolo ephantsi kunye neempompo zepiston ezikhanyayo kunye nezinye iimveliso zolwelo kunye negesi. . Inkqubo ye-hydraulic isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-clamping yezixhobo zoomatshini kunye nezinto zokusebenza, ukuhamba kwetafile kunye nezinye izihlandlo. Ngenkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji yokuvelisa, ukuchaneka okuphezulu kwasekhaya, ukusebenza kakuhle, izixhobo zoomatshini ezizenzekelayo, ngakumbi imfuno ekhulayo yezixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC.

(3) ukwenziwa kweemoto

Iimveliso zeemoto kunye nezithuthuthu zidinga inani elikhulu lempompo yamandla okuqhuba, ukuhanjiswa ngokuzenzekelayo kunye namacandelo okulawula i-hydraulic, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zetywina kunye namacandelo e-pneumatic; Izixhobo zokuvelisa iimoto zifuna iimpompo ezahlukeneyo, i-hydraulic solenoid valves, i-valve, izixhobo zokulungisa umthombo womoya, iindidi ze-cylinder proportional valves, iimpompo zegesi, iisilinda kunye neevalvu zokulawula izithuthi ezinzima.

(4) oomatshini besinyithi

Kuyaqondwa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwesiqalo se-hydraulic kwizixhobo ze-metallurgical kufikelele kwi-6.1% ukuya kwi-8.1%, kubalwa malunga ne-10% yeendleko, ngoko ke, ukuguqulwa kunye nokuphuhliswa kweshishini le-metallurgical kwimveliso ye-hydraulic pneumatic seals inika indawo enkulu yemarike. Uhlalutyo oluvela kwizibalo zoshishino, i-hydraulic, iimveliso ze-pneumatic ze-metallurgical industry zibonelela ngokuthe ngqo kwiindawo ezixhasayo ezibalelwa kwi-14.5% kunye ne-9% yokuthengisa, ngokulandelanayo. Ukongeza, i-metallurgy, izixhobo zemigodi zifuna inani elikhulu leentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeempompo zepiston, iivalve ze-cartridge, i-solenoid valves, iivalve ezilinganayo, iivalve ze-servo, iisilinda, iindibano zenkqubo ye-hydraulic kunye nezixhobo zepneumatic.

(5) ibhentshi yokuvavanya i-hydraulic

Itekhnoloji ye-Hydraulic idinga uphuhliso oluqhubekayo, ukuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha, ngonyaka ngamnye, inani lebhentshi yokuvavanya i-hydraulic yokuvavanya, ekwayintsimi yokusetyenziswa kweteknoloji ye-hydraulic.

(6) Izixhobo kunye nezixhobo

Izixhobo zanamhlanje kunye nezixhobo, ngakumbi ngoku izixhobo ezikhulu, azinakwahlulwa kwi-hydraulic transmission. Ukugcinwa kwezixhobo zanamhlanje ze-hydraulic system kunye nokukhusela kuye kwaba sesinye sezihloko zophando ezibalulekileyo kumkhosi wethu, luvavanyo olubalulekileyo lwabasebenzi bethu bokugcina izixhobo zomkhosi, kodwa nokuphucula ubomi bamajoni ethu kunye nezixhobo ezibalulekileyo isiqinisekiso. Ngokukodwa, ukunyuka kwenguqu yangoku, iteknoloji yokuhamba kwamagnetic kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo.